Physical Protection

Protection of Nuclear Facilities

Physical protection (also called physical security) consists of a variety of measures to protect nuclear facilities and material against sabotage, theft, diversion, and other malicious acts. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and its licensees use a graded approach for physical protection, consistent with the significance of the facilities or material to be protected. In so doing, the NRC establishes the regulatory requirements and assesses compliance, and licensees are responsible for providing the protection.

Nuclear facilities that require physical protection include nuclear reactors, fuel cycle facilities, and spent fuel storage and disposal facilities. Physical protection programs for these facilities include the following key features:

• Threat Assessment to determine how much physical protection is enough
• Physical Protection Areas graded to provide defense-in-depth with barriers and controls for the Exclusion Area, Protected Area, Vital Area, and Material Access Area
• Intrusion Detection to notify the site's security force of a potential intruder
• Intrusion Alarm Assessment to distinguish between false or nuisance alarms and actual intrusions and to initiate response
• Armed Response to protect public health and safety and the common defense and security, by defending nuclear material or a nuclear facility against an intrusion or attack
• Regulatory Initiatives to ensure that the NRC's Domestic Safeguards Regulations, Guidance, and Communications continue to adequately protect the Nation's nuclear facilities and material in a changing threat environment

Source:nrc

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